Testosterone Replacement Therapy is the use of synthetic or natural androgens to treat low testosterone, also known as hypogonadism. This occurs in men as they age and can result in erectile dysfunction, a loss of muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia) and depressive moods.

Some studies show that men with mild or moderate depression experience a positive response to TRT, including a reduction in symptoms within the first few weeks. However, these effects don’t occur in every patient and may depend on baseline depression symptoms and the level of testosterone in the body.

Revitalizing Lives: The Comprehensive Guide to Testosterone Replacement Therapy

The most common form of TRT is gels, which can be applied to the skin once a day. These include AndroGel, Testim, and Fortesta. There are also mouth patches, such as Natesto and Striant. These attach to the upper gums and release testosterone into the mouth tissues. Injections and implants are longer-term treatments. Injections are given in your doctor’s office under numbing medication. Implants consist of small pellets that are placed under the skin in your buttocks, where they slowly release testosterone over 3-6 months.

The decision to start TRT is based on a blood test and a shared decision with your doctor. Only men who have low levels of testosterone and who have a medical condition that is confirmed as the cause should consider treatment. For most, the benefits of TRT outweigh any risks. But the long-term risks and benefits aren’t well studied, so this is a choice that should be considered carefully.